ONTARIO SENIORs tamils BeNEVOLENT ASSOCIATION (OSTBA)
ஒன்ராறியோ முது தமிழர் நலன்புரி சங்கம்
reg # 1866873
" OSTBA is committed to serving Ontario Tamil seniors "
"எமது சேவை ஒன்ராறியோ முது தமிழருக்கு தேவை "
ONTARIO SENIOR TAMILS BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION (OSTBA) a Registered NPO in Ontario - Est 2012 - BR No : 1866873
ஒன்டாரியோமுது தமிழர் நலன்புரி சங்கம்(ஒன்டாரியோ மாகாணத்தில் பதிவு செய்யபட்ட ஆதாயமற்ற சங்கம் # 1866873)
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Coronavirus pandemic and Vaccine to arrest COVID 19
After spending millions of dollars in research, researchers are on the verge of discovering a Vaccine whether we have a vaccine that works against coronavirus. Will the Vaccine arrest the spread of Viruses such as small poz. Color. Polio.
Scientists had to start from scratch earlier this year, but now, significant trials are expected in the coming weeks or months. The countries are competing to announce that they are the first t discover the effective choosest Vaccine. Can a poor man in rural areas afford to have it?
J It is s challenge for medical bio researchers. To get to this point, say 70 percent of fr final stage has been a remarkable and unprecedented feat, and data will arrive soon, which will define our lives for years.
If you want your life to get back to normal, then we need a vaccine. Yes, Vaccine can boost up the economy and the t share market, allow free movement to help to get back to everyday life
Even now, the vast majority of people, especially seniors, are still vulnerable to coronavirus infection. It is only the restrictions on our lives that are preventing more people from dying. Curves laws related to social standing Neceesoty wear masses was hands frequently had impacts on daily life
But vaccines safely teach our bodies to fight the infection. This can either stop us from catching coronavirus in the first place or at least make Covid less deadly.
Using guinea pigs, Trials have shown that experimental vaccines can train the immune system. Small studies have shown they can teach the body to make both antibodies, which prevent Covid from invading the body's cells, and T-cells, which kill infected cells.
Will the Vaccine is enough to protect a common man - This remains unanswered.
There are now 11 vaccines in the final stage of testing. However, this is also a crucial point where some experimental vaccines fail.
Some of the studies have recruited all of their volunteers, and the world is just waiting anxiously for the results.
Are there many leading contenders in many countries? To name a few
The University of Oxford and AstraZeneca vaccine in the UK
Pfizer and BioNTech in Germany
Moderna in the US
CanSino with the Beijing Institute of Biotechnology in China
Gamaleya Research Institute in Russia
Janssen
Vaccine graphic
So when will we have a coronavirus vaccine?
There is widespread expectation that the first clinical trials will release their results this year. The country that created the Virus knows the answer to kill it
By historical standards, it is phenomenal. It would typically take years, if not decades, to develop a vaccine.
Exactly who will be immunized first will depend on where Covid is spreading when the Vaccine becomes available and how groups it is most effective.
In broad terms, the over-80s, care home residents, and health or care workers will be near the top of the list.
Age is, by far, the most significant risk factor for Covid, so the older you are, the sooner you are likely to be vaccinated.
Plans could change dramatically if the experimental vaccines are unsuitable or ineffective in the elderly.
Most experts think the Vaccine will not be widely available until the middle of 2021.
How the development of the Covid-19 Vaccine is being fast-tracked
Are there different types of Vaccines?
The point of a vaccine is to show parts of the Virus to the immune system harmlessly, so it is recognized as an invader and learns how to fight it.
However, there are many ways to do this, and researchers are using different approaches.
Both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines inject pieces of the coronavirus' genetic code. Once inside the body, this starts making viral proteins to train the body. This is an entirely new technique.
The Oxford and Russian vaccines take a harmless virus that infects chimpanzees and genetically modify it to resemble coronavirus in the hope of getting a response.
Two of the significant China-made vaccines use the original Virus but in a disabled form to not cause an infection.
Understanding which method produces the best results will be vital. Challenge trials, in which people are deliberately infected, could help answer these questions.
Ontario Senior Tamil Benevolent Association 39, Dundas Street East , Unit 291 , Mississauga, ON, L5A 1V9
For contact email Ostba2019@gmail.com
Office hours as indicated in Web site http://www: Ostba. ca / Tel #647-795-0504
My Dialysis Day
The appearance of diseases in a human body irrespective of age, sex is purely based on the gene, the food you consume and lifestyle. Some religions say it is an act of Karma. Along with t Herat, Eye Liver, etc. The kidney plays an important part in the human body. Fo,r the functions of the organs in the body. For each organ, there are medical specialists, sts.
Next most commonly transplanted is the liver, that’s followed by the heart, lungs, pancreas, and intestines. You can donate some organs—like a kidney or part of your liver—while you're still alive. You have two kidneys but the need only one.
Functions are interconnected in using internal energy supplied by the input of food. Blood pressure, Diabetes (the silent killer) food intake determines the blood and fluid purification by Kidney and output. Medical researchers say that it is a genetic disease. Some kidney diseases result from hereditary factors. Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD), for example, is a genetic disorder in which many cysts grow in the kidneys. PKD cysts can slowly replace much of the mass of the kidneys, reducing kidney function and leading to kidney failure It can even prevail in children. At a young age, if Kidneys fail to function Renal specialists recommend Kidney transplant using a matching organ from a donor. An operation to transplant a kidney requires a general anesthetic and lasts about two to three hours. The surgeon makes a diagonal cut into the abdomen, on the right or the left, below the navel. The recipient's kidneys are usually left in place. The patient is successful provided the body accepts the donor’s Kidney. One healthy kidney can keep the purification process going through like the carbonator in a car. In the car, if carbonator fails to operate the owner can buy a new corroborator.
In the same way, Kidney can be bought in underdeveloped countries from poor people. There is no a difference in race, sex religion or caste in getting a Kidney Donor. There is big wafting list in Ontario Even a woman’s kidney can be used for the Renal Patient.
I know a story of an actor who lives from acting for his loverhood was recommended to go for Kidney translocate. None of his relations came forward to help him to give one of their Kidneys. Actor’s girlfriend offered her kidney, and he underwent surgery successfully. He continued acting with his lover.
There is the well-known story of a hockey player who met with an accident in Canada. He wrote in his will to donate his kidney after his death to any other Canadian hockey player who suffers from the renal disease. Providing Kidney or heart to affected young man is one of the valuable donations in life Many renal patients undergo fluid retention called Edema
The demand or an organ is higher than the supply. Hence the cost of replicant is high unless there is a free donor in the family. Three variables will condition the future of organ replacement. The first variable is the need, particularly how the number of organs to be replaced will change over time. The second variable is the set of applications and new technologies that will be available to replace those organs. The third variable is the set of obstacles, biological and societal, that may hinder the replacement of organ function. There may change in the foreseeable future. The dialysis machine is large and occupies space, and proper maintenance is required such as frequent water sample to ensure no infection takes place. Like pacemaker who knows in the Nanotechnology may reduce the size and cost of the machine and will be very useful for people in business affected by the renal disease who frequently travel on business and could not get a donor. Dialysis restricts frequent traveling. The prior arrangement may have to be done with a hospital in the country the patient visits on holidays to attend a family wedding. It is a long, time-consuming procedure
Dialysis can be done normally three days a week for more than 3,5 hours depending on the dry weight recommended by the renal specialist doctor. The main procedure is first weighing the patient deduct the weight of shoes, dress and determine the weight of naked body say (101Kg). Assuming the dry Wight is 98 Kg., Normally the mathematical equation is 101 minus 98 equal 3.0 Kg, To this add normally 0.4 Kg is added to return 0.4 of fluid. In total, the fluid taken out is 3.0+0.4 = 3.4K ( litter of fluid =1 Kg) to be taken out on dialysis time off in four hours.
The weight and BP are measured at the start of the standing position. Body temperature is measured. Record kept in a sheet. Then BP is taken in a seated position. BP fluctuates during the dialysis process. It is normally monitored every 30 or 15 minutes. Al statistical readings related to dialysis process are indicated in the monitor At any time during dialysis can see how much fluid was removed, balance time let over in the process and what is the percentage of blood purification. If it is more than 80%, it is good. Creatinine and GFR are two parameters through blood test determines the state of Kidney faction. For those who undergo dialysis Creatinine reading is immaterial so says, renal doctor.
For this reason, Renal patients do blood test a week before he meets the Renal specialist once in 3 months. Several other minerals in the body such as Potassium, Phosphorus, Iron, Calcium, glucose, hemoglobin, etc. are monitored. All these are vital for the functioning of the body. It purely depends on the intake of food and mobility of the body.
The human body is like a motor vehicle. Energy is supplied by gas (Petrol) and used by several parts of the body for the mobility of the vehicle. As lifetime the vehicle slows up due to wear ana d tear each part may need reapplicant. This why they depreciate the value of the vehicle in accounting. Finally, the vehicle ends up in the garbage dump (Cemetery). It is like the human body. The only difference is for the vehicle very good experienced mechanic diageneses the problem in the car and repairs it. Hat times he consults a specialist in the Engine, Carbonator, Brakes, Transmission.
A patient during dialysis the patient gets cramps in the body mainly in the leg muscles due to dropping in the BP. The body is positioned in almost flat in declining chair to bring the pressure to normal. Massaging too helps to relieve the pain due to cramp. By pressing the leg on the ground to help. Sometimes giving back to, the body saline too helps to relieve the pain.
Normally during four hours of dialysis, the patient can watch a movie on YouTube, search google, Write a book if the writer, Listen to music, etc. Many people go to sleep at least 75% of the dialysis time
The body connected to machine though Cathedra closer to the shoulder. Cathedral can cause infection if not taken care of a baby. After a few months the patient under a half an hour surgery for fistula. Again, after a month the fistula doctor confirms based on a bet and using monitor whether fistula could be used for the connection. For some time, Fistula and Cathedra remain. Once the Renal doctor is satisfied that the Fistula is well developed, he removes the cathedra and closes the access point. It is again a few minutes of surgery. After a few days, the patient can take a shower with the Fistula without getting an infection. It is necessary daily to feel the pulse beat in the Fistula and ensure it is ready for connecting to the machine through two access points. They are called artery and the other Venus (not the planet) points. After accessing they flush the two access to ensure no blockages are there. The nurse makes the connection. At the start, there will be a tolerable pain when needles are inserted; Sometimes they use a monitoring machine to find the exact location in the Fistula ( Similar to GPS). Some patients apply freezing ointment over the Fistula to reduce pain. Normally it is not recemented. For home dialysis, the PSW does the dialysis. Experienced dialysis at times more efficient than a nurse at the hospital. It depends on the luck of the patient. The patent builds a Father/ Mother-daughter relationship, and PSW becomes a family member of the patient.
Home dialysis is ideal during winter and avoids traveling in the snow. The home environment is much better than a hospital environment. Because you could chat with family members and wife and ask her” What is for lunch today”? The only advantage in a hospital environment a doctor will be available in case of emergency and other devices are available in case of diagnosis. Of course, Social worker and Pharmacist and Dietician frequently visit you. A renal doctor will be available to check how dialysis is going on.
At the end of Dalianis purified blood is sent back to the body. It normally takes about 10 Minutes. The cramp will disappear after blood is returned to the body. After that process, standing and seated position BP (Default 120/80 ) readings and body temperature taken. At the last stage, the two needles are removed one by at an interval of ten minutes. At the time a pad is kept on the point, the needle was taken out and pressed so that blood tops coming out of the Fistula. Both processes can be done simultaneously to save time otherwise total time taken to remove and complete the process will take 20 minutes. Hospital insists as per PROTOCOL the needle be taken out one by one and twenty minutes is the prescribed time.
Once the blood does not come out from the two pierced points, two pilasters are placed over the points. It shoulder be normally removed after four hours. After that patient O could have a shower.
After completion of the long process of dialysis which takes about 4 hrs plus another 30 minutes, the patient is weighed after deducting for clothes and shoes, etc. the weight commuted and ascertain whether dray weight is of a00 Kg is reached.
During weekends there no dialysis is done. It is a happy holiday for the patient, and he could sleep until 9 am. During weekends the weight tends to go up. If there is a party, it will it will go up. It is recommended not to consume Beer or wine of Juice. Restrict the food consumption. Walk at least for 0.5 hours daily.
After dialysis, I have a light lunch and go to sleep for at last two hours. You will feel fresh.
Just half an hour before the end of the end of dialysis the PSW or nurse take blood sugar reading without piercing. It will be normally less than the morning before breakfast reading. If it drops less than 4.0, apple juice is given to the patient It seldom it happens. So do not expect apple juice every time you do dialysis.
Many renal patients from many communities, mainly Tamil community think that it is a shame to say that the patient undergoes dialysis thinking that it is a venereal disease. Those who undergo dialysis do share their experience and issues. Sharing information helps to take precautionary measures
There are serval herbs recommended by China and India to prevent Renal disease. The western doctors do not recommend it. But the western drug companies use the herbs to prepare drugs.
Dietician and Social worker frequently visit and advice on diet issues and Social matters related to Trans help. Those who are on dialysis are advised to avoid brown bread and rice, banana. oranges, Pine apple, drink less than 1.5 liters of water of water per day . No Brandy or Beer
This article in my opinion from my two years of dialysis which started when I was 77 years old. I am really lucky when I saw young people undergoing dialysis for many years. A friend of mine who underwent dialysis for more than twenty years finally opted to go for euthanasia at the age of ninety. In my opinion, thali was not a good decision as he would have served the community using his qualifications and talent. Probably the home environment would have made him make that decision. Normally cancer patients gi for Euthanasia to overcome sufferings. In some countries, it is not permitted. In Ontario, it is permitted. My friend should have waited for the call from God
Finally, I thank the PSW, Renal nurses and Renal specialist doctors for providing an excellent Renal dialysis health service free of charge. My humble request for all Tamils seniors and associations n contributing mionimum200C$ for the Walk a Thon find raising event, a major portion of the fund raised goes to Trillium partners. Thevent is held annually by Peel Tamils seniors in collaboration with Trillium partners I started this annual event against much protest in the year 2002 after my heart by-pass heart surgery. So far Peel Tamil Seniors have contributed more than 140 K C$ to Trillium partners. Let the fund raised through walk than meet the cost of at least one Dialysis machine The Tamil and other expatriate population on Ontario should remember that we get FREE health service in Canada, whereas if we would have lived in the home country, it will cost SLR 8.000 per dialysis. Many people who could not afford as such end up in the cemetery. For rehears info, A new dialysis machine can cost anywhere from U$10,000 to U$15,000. The mean cost of a four-hour dialysis session in Sri Lanka per patient was LKR 6,377 (US$ 56). The annual cost of hemodialysis for a patient with chronic renal failure undergoing 2-3 dialysis session of four hours duration per week was LKR663,208 - 994,812 (US$ 5,869 - 8,804).
Good Bye
Pon Kulendiren
Duala language writer
Mississauga
ALZEHERMIER.
The most common form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease is irreversible and destroys brain cells, causing thinking ability and memory to deteriorate. Alzheimer's disease is not a normal part of aging. Dr. Alois Alzheimer first identified the disease in 1906. He described the two hallmarks of the disease: "plaques," which are numerous tiny, dense deposits scattered throughout the brain that becomes toxic to brain cells at excessive levels, and "tangles," which interfere with vital processes, eventually choking off the living cells. When brain cells degenerate and die, the brain markedly shrinks in some regions.
The effects of Alzheimer’s disease
Alzheimer’s disease is a fatal disease that eventually affects all aspects of a person’s life: how they think, feel, and act. Each person is affected differently. It's hard to predict symptoms, the order in which they will appear, or the speed of their progression.
The following are some of the changes you may expect as the disease progresses.
Cognitive and functional abilities: a person’s ability to understand, think, remember and communicate will be affected. This could impact an individual's ability to make decisions, perform simple tasks, or follow a conversation. Sometimes people lose their way, or experience confusion and memory loss, initially for recent events and eventually for global events.
Emotions and moods: a person may appear apathetic and lose interest in favourite hobbies. Some people become less expressive and withdrawn.
Behaviour: a person may have reactions that seem out of character. Some common reactions include repeating the same action or words, hiding possessions, physical outbursts, and restlessness.
Physical abilities: the disease can affect a person’s coordination and mobility, to the point of affecting their capacity to perform day-to-day tasks such as eating, bathing and getting dressed.
Treatment: Several medications can help with symptoms such as memory decline, changes in language, thinking abilities and motor skills. Although there is still no cure for Alzheimer's disease, those who respond to these treatments can experience improvements in their quality of life for several years.If you or someone you know is diagnosed with the disease, you can live meaningfully and actively for many years. Eating a heart-healthy diet, regularly exercising, staying socially connected and doing things that challenge your brain also help slow disease progression. While medications may not work well for everyone, they are most useful in the early stages of the disease. That's why early diagnosis is important. Familial Alzheimer’s disease accounts for less than 5% of all cases of Alzheimer’s disease.
More about Alzheimer's disease
Stress is a feeling of strain and pressure. Small amounts of stress may be desired, beneficial, and even healthy. Positive stress helps improve athletic performance. It also plays a factor in motivation, adaptation, and reaction to the environment. Excessive amounts of stress, however, may lead to bodily harm. Stress can increase the risk of strokes, heart attacks, ulcers, and mental disorders such as depression.
Stress can be external and related to the environment, but may also be created by internal perceptions that cause an individual to experienceanxiety or other negative emotions surrounding a situation, such as pressure, discomfort, etc., which they then deem stressful.
When we think the demands being placed on us exceed our ability to cope, we then perceive stress.
A stressor is any event, experience, or environmental stimulus that causes stress in an individual. These events or experiences are seen as threats or challenges to the individual and can be either physical or psychological. Researchers have found that stressors can make individuals more prone to both physical and mental problems, including heart disease and anxiety.
Stressors are more likely to affect an individual's health when they are "chronic, highly disruptive, or perceived as uncontrollable". In psychology, researchers generally classify the different types of stressors into four categories:
Support systems – to listen, offer advice, and help each other
Before you get too stressed out about being stressed out, there is some good news. Following some simple stress, relief tips could both lower your stress and lower your health risks.
to successfully manage life's unavoidable stresses -- as much as they can.
Diabetes can strike anyone, from any walk of life. In the last decade, the cases of people living with diabetes jumped almost 50 percent – to more than 29 million Americans. This mainly because of change in life style and eating habits. Worldwide, it afflicts more than 380 million people. And the World Health Organization estimates that by 2030, that number of persons living with diabetes will more than double.
Living with diabetes places an enormous emotional, physical and financial burden on the entire family.
What is DIABETESE?
When you eat, your body turns food into sugars or glucose. At that point, your pancreas is supposed to release insulin. Insulin serves as a “key” to open your cells, to allow the glucose to enter -- and enable you to use the glucose for energy. But with diabetes, this system does not work.
Several major things can go wrong – causing the onset of diabetes. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are the most common forms of the disease, but there are also other kinds, such as gestational diabetes, which occurs during pregnancy, as well as other forms:
What is Type 1 Diabetes?
The more severe form of diabetes is type 1, or insulin-dependent diabetes. It’s sometimes called “juvenile” diabetes, because type 1 diabetes usually develops in children and teenagers though it can develop at any age.
Immune System Attacks
With type 1 diabetes, the body’s immune system attacks part of its own pancreas. Scientists are not sure why. But the immune system mistakenly sees the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas as foreign and destroys them. This attack is known as "autoimmune" disease. These cells – called “islets”– are the ones that sense glucose in the blood and, in response, produce the necessary amount of insulin to normalize blood sugars.Insulin serves as a “key” to open your cells, to allow the glucose to enter -- and enable you to use the glucose for energy.
Without insulin, there is no “key.” So, the sugar stays -- and builds up-- in the blood. The result: the body’s cells starve from the lack of glucose. And, if left untreated, the high level of “blood sugar” can damage eyes, kidneys, nerves, and the heart, and can also lead to coma and death.
Insulin Therapy
So, a person with type 1 treats the disease by taking insulin injections.
This outside source of insulin now serves as the “key” -- bringing glucose to the body’s cells.
The challenge for this treatment is that it’s often not possible to know precisely how much insulin to take. The amount is based on many factors, including:
Balancing Act
These factors fluctuate significantly throughout every day. So, deciding on what dose of insulin to take is a complicated balancing act.
If you take too much, then your body burns too much glucose -- and your blood sugar can drop to a dangerously low level. This is a condition calledhypoglycemia, which, if untreated, can be potentially life-threatening.
If you take too little insulin, your body can again be starved of the energy it needs, and your blood sugar can rise to a dangerously high level.
What is Type 2 Diabetes?
The most common form of diabetes is called type 2, or non-insulin dependent diabetes. This is also called “adult onset” diabetes since it typically develops after age 35. However, a growing number of younger people are now developing type 2 diabetes. People with type 2 are able to produce some of their own insulin. Often, it’s not enough. And sometimes, the insulin will try to serve as the “key” to open the body’s cells, to allow the glucose to enter. But the key won’t work. The cells won’t open. This is called insulin resistance.
Often, type 2 is tied to people who are overweight, with a sedentary lifestyle. Treatment focuses on diet and exercise. If blood sugar levels are still high, oral medications are used to help the body use its own insulin more efficiently. In some cases, insulin injections are necessary.
Carb Counting
Carabohydrarde foods have the greatest impact on your blood sugars? -- "carbs" -- are broken down into glucose. So if you eat too much of them, your blood sugar level may rise. For this reason, people with diabetes find it helpful to keep track of the “carbs” they eat in order to manage their blood sugars.
Checking Blood Sugar
Many people are frightened to check their blood sugar -- or "blood glucose" -- levels because they do not want to see levels that are higher or lower than their target range. Checking blood sugar at home, in school, and in the workplace is essential to managing diabetes. It puts you in control of your diabetes. Remember, your blood sugar levels remain the same whether you know about them or not. Checking blood sugar levels is the most accurate way to see if your lifestyle changes and medications are helping you to manage better your diabetes. If levels are above or below your target range, blood glucose monitoring provides you with the ability to identify what is causing the problem and to correct it.
Tips on Monitoring Monitoring Glucose
High Blood Pressure (Hyper Tension)
High blood pressure is a common condition in which the long-term force of the blood against your artery walls is high enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease.
Blood pressure is determined both by the amount of blood your heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in your arteries. The more blood your heart pumps and the narrower your arteries, the higher your blood pressure.
You can have high blood pressure (hypertension) for years without any symptoms. Even without symptoms, damage to blood vessels and your heart continues and can be detected. Uncontrolled high blood pressure increases your risk of serious health problems, including heart attack and stroke.
High blood pressure generally develops over many years, and it affects nearly everyone eventually. Fortunately, high blood pressure can be easily detected. And once you know you have high blood pressure, you can discuss with your doctor to control it
Symptoms
Most people with high blood pressure have no signs or symptoms, even if blood pressure readings reach dangerously high levels. A few persons with high blood pressure may have headaches, shortness of breath or nosebleeds, but these signs and symptoms aren't specific and usually don't occur until high blood pressure has reached a severe or life-threatening stage.
Causes:There are two types of high blood pressure.
Primary (essential) hypertension
This kind of high blood pressure, called primary (essential) hypertension, tends to develop gradually over many years.
Secondary hypertension
Some people have high blood pressure caused by an underlying condition. This type of high blood pressure, called secondary hypertension, tends to appear suddenly and cause higher blood pressure than does primary hypertension. Various conditions and medications can lead to secondary hypertension, including:
Obstructive sleep, Kidney problems, Adrenal gland tumors.Thyroid problems, Certain defects in blood vessels you're born with (congenital), Certain medications, such as birth control pills, cold remedies, decongestants, over-the-counter pain relievers and some prescription drugs, Illegal drugs, such as cocaine and amphetamines, Alcohol abuse or chronic alcohol use
High blood pressure has many risk factors, including:
Blood pressure is typically recorded as two numbers, written as a ratio like this Systolic is the top number, which is also the higher of the two numbers, measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats (when the heart muscle contracts).
Diastolic is the bottom number, which is also the lower of the two numbers, measures the pressure in the arteries between heartbeats (when the heart muscle is resting between beats and refilling with blood).
Which number is more important, top (systolic) or bottom (diastolic)?
Typically, more attention is given to the top number (the systolic blood pressure) as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease for people over 50 years old. In most people, systolic blood pressure rises steadily with age due to increasing stiffness of large arteries, long-term build-up of plaque, and increased the incidence of cardiac and vascular disease.
This blood pressure chart reflects categories defined by the American Heart Association.
Blood Pressure
Category
Systolic
mm Hg (top #)
Diastolic
mm Hg (lower #)
Normal
less than 120
and
less than 80
Prehypertension
120 – 139
or
80 – 89
High Blood Pressure
(Hypertension) Stage 1
140 – 159
or
90 – 99
High Blood Pressure
(Hypertension) Stage 2
160 or higher
or
100 or higher
Hypertensive Crisis
(Emergency care needed)
Higher than 180
or
Greater than 110
7 KIDNEY PROBLEMS
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), also known as chronic renal disease, is a progressive loss of kidney function over a period of months or years. The symptoms of worsening kidney function are not unique, and might include feeling generally unwell and experiencing a reduced appetite. Often, chronic kidney disease is diagnosed. As a result ofscreening of people known to be at risk of kidney problems, such as those with high blood pressure or diabetes over weight and those with a blood relative with CKD. This disease may also be identified when it leads to one of its recognized complications, such as cardiovascular disease, anemia, pericarditis or renal osteodystrophy. CKD is a long-term form of kidney disease; thus, it is differentiated from acute kidney disease (acute kidney injury) in that the reduction in kidney function must be present for over 3 months. CKD is an internationally recognized public health problem affecting 5–10% of the world population.
Chronic kidney disease is identified by a blood test for creatinine, which is a breakdown product of muscle metabolism. Higher levels of creatinine indicate a lowerglomerular filtration rate (GFR) and, as a result, a decreased capability of the kidneys to excrete waste products. Creatinine levels may be normal in the early stages of CKD, and the condition is discovered by testing of a urine sample. It may show the kidney is allowing the loss of protein or red blood cells into the urine. To fully investigate the underlying cause of kidney damage, various forms of medical imaging, blood tests, and sometimes a kidney biopsy(removing a small sample of kidney tissue) are employed to find out if a reversible cause of the kidney malfunction is present.
CKD is initial without specific symptoms and is generally only detected as an increase in serum creatinine or protein in the urine. As the kidney function decreases
Noramly the creatinine level for Dialysis Two readings that should be looked for in Blood and Urine tests are GFR and Craeatinine levels.
Severity-based stages]
Normal GFR is 90-120 mls/min. The units of creatinine vary from country to country.
The loss of protein in the urine is regarded as an independent marker for worsening of kidney function and cardiovascular disease.
Stage 1
Slightly diminished function
Stage 2
Mild reduction in GFR (60–89 ml/min/1.73 m2) with kidney damage.
Stage 3
Moderate reduction in GFR (30–59 ml/min/1.73 m2):
Stage 4
Severe reduction in GFR (15–29 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Stage 5
Established kidney failure (GFR <15 ml/min/1.73 m2), permanent renal replacement therapy, or end-stage kidney disease.
The typical human reference is 440 but for some patients go up to 500.
Proper diet is an essential treatment of kidney disease. If kidneys are damaged, creatinine level rises. Creatinine level is an important indicator of how well kidney work
High protein foodHigh protein food
Patients with kidney disease should avoid high-protein food in case it aggravates the burden of kidneys
High sodium food
Overmuch sodium intake will cause water-sodium retention thus increase swelling. It is also a dangerous factor in hypertension. High sodium food should be avoided as canned food, dry food, fast food, soup and so on to reduce the workload of the kidney to lower high creatinine.
High phosphorous and high potassium food
One of the kidney functions is to keep electrolyte balance. If your phosphorous and potassium levels are high, you should limit phosphorous and potassium intake. These are high phosphorous food: bran, sunflower seeds, toasted wheat germ, cheese, nuts, roasted soya beans, and bacon. Foods contain high potassium include white beans, dark leafy greens, baked potatoes, dried apricots, fish, yogurt, avocados, bananas and so on.
8 PARKINSONS & CANCER
Parkinson’s disease affects the nerve cells in the brain that produce dopamine. Parkinson's disease symptoms include muscle rigidity, tremors, and changes in speech and gait. After diagnosis, treatments can help relieve symptoms, but there is no cure.
Parkinson's disease symptoms and signs may vary from person to person. Early signs may be mild and may go unnoticed. Symptoms often begin on one side of your body and usually remain worse on that side, even after symptoms start to affect both sides.
The Symptoms are:
Tremor. A tremor, or shaking, usually starts in a limb, often your hand or fingers. You may notice a back-and-forth rubbing of your thumb and forefinger, known as a pill-rolling tremor. One characteristic of Parkinson's disease is a tremor of your hand when it is relaxed or at rest).
Slowed movement (bradykinesia). Over time, Parkinson's disease may reduce your ability to move and slow your movement, making simple tasks difficult and time-consuming. Your steps may become shorter when you walk, or you may find it difficult to get out of a chair. Also, you may drag your feet as you try to walk, making it difficult to move.
Rigid muscles. Muscle stiffness may occur in any part of your body. The stiff muscles can limit your range of motion and cause you pain.
Impaired posture and balance. Your posture may become stooped, or you may have balance problems as a result of Parkinson's disease.
Loss of automatic movements. In Parkinson's disease, you may have a decreased ability to perform unconscious movements, including blinking, smiling or swinging your arms when you walk.
Speech changes. You may have speech problems as a result of Parkinson's disease. You may speak softly, quickly, slur or hesitate before talking. Your speech may be more of a monotone rather than with the usual inflections.
Writing changes. It may become hard to write, and your writing may appear small.
Causes
In Parkinson's disease, certain nerve cells (neurons) in the brain gradually break down or die. Many of the symptoms are due to a loss of neurons that produce a chemical messenger in your brain called dopamine. When dopamine levels decrease, it causes abnormal brain activity, leading to signs of Parkinson's disease. The cause of Parkinson's disease is unknown, but several factors appear to play a role, including:
Your genes. Researchers have identified specific genetic mutations that can cause Parkinson's disease, but these are uncommon except in rare cases with many family members affected by Parkinson's disease. However, certain gene variations appear to increase the risk of Parkinson's disease but with a relatively small risk of Parkinson's disease for each of these genetic markers.
Environmental triggers. Exposure to certain toxins or environmental factors may increase the risk of later Parkinson's disease, but the risk is relatively small.Many changes occur in the brains of people with Parkinson's disease, although it's not clear why these changes occur. These changes include:
The presence of Lewy bodies. Clumps of specific substances within brain cells are microscopic markers of Parkinson's disease. These are called Lewy bodies, and researchers believe these Lewy bodies hold an important clue to the cause of Parkinson's disease.
Alpha-synuclein is found within Lewy bodies. Although many substances are found within Lewy bodies, scientists believe an important one is the natural and common protein called alpha-synuclein (A-synuclein). It's found in all Lewy bodies in a clumped form that cells can't break down. This is currently an important focus among Parkinson's disease researchers.
Risk factors for Parkinson's disease include:
Age. Young adults rarely experience Parkinson's disease. It ordinarily begins in middle or late life, and the risk increases with age. People usually develop the disease around age 60 or older.
Heredity. Having a close relative with Parkinson's disease increases the chances that you'll develop the disease. However, your risks are still small unless you have many relatives in your family with Parkinson's disease.
Sex. Men are more likely to develop Parkinson's disease than are women.
Exposure to toxins. Ongoing exposure to herbicides and pesticides may put you at a slightly increased risk of Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson's disease is often accompanied by these additional problems, which may be treatable:
Thinking difficulties. You may experience cognitive problems (Dementia) and thinking difficulties, which usually occur in the later stages of Parkinson's disease. Such cognitive problems aren't very responsive to medications.
Depression and emotional changes. People with Parkinson's disease may experience depression. Receiving treatment for depression can make it easier to handle the other challenges of Parkinson's disease. You may also experience other emotional changes, such as fear, anxiety or loss of motivation. Doctors may give you medications to treat these symptoms.
Swallowing problems. You may develop difficulties with swallowing as your condition progresses. Saliva may accumulate in your mouth due to slowed swallowing, leading to drooling.
Sleep problems and sleep disorders. People with Parkinson's disease often have slept problems, including waking up frequently throughout the night, waking up early or falling asleep during the day.
People may also experience rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, which involves acting out your dreams. Medications may help your sleep problems.
Bladder problems. Parkinson's disease may cause bladder problems, including being unable to control urine or having difficulty urinating.
Constipation. Many people with Parkinson's disease develop constipation, mainly due to a slower digestive tract.
You may also experience:
Blood pressure changes. You may feel dizzy or lightheaded when you stand due to a sudden drop in blood pressure (orthostatic hypotension).
Smell dysfunction. You may experience problems with your sense of smell. You may have difficulty identifying certain odors or the difference between odors.
Fatigue. Many people with Parkinson's disease lose energy and experience fatigue, and the cause isn't always known.
Pain. Many people with Parkinson's disease experience pain, either in specific areas of their bodies or throughout their bodies.
Sexual dysfunction. Some people with Parkinson's disease notice a decrease in sexual desire or performance
Treatment: Parkinson's disease can't be cured, but medications can help control your symptoms, often dramatically. In some later cases, surgery may be advised. Your doctor may also recommend lifestyle changes, especially ongoing aerobic exercise. In some cases, physical therapy that focuses on balance and stretching also is necessary. A speech-language pathologist may help improve your speech problems.
Medications: Medications may help you manage problems with walking, movement, and tremor. These medications increase or substitute for dopamine, a particular signaling chemical (neurotransmitter) in your brain.
People with Parkinson's disease have low brain dopamine concentrations. However, dopamine can't be given directly, as it can't enter your mind.
You may have significant improvement in your symptoms after beginning Parkinson's disease treatment. Over time, however, the benefits of drugs frequently diminish or become less consistent, although symptoms usually can continue to be relatively well-controlled.
There are several medications to reduce the symptoms, but they cannot be entirely cured.
Surgical procedures: Deep brain stimulation (DBS). In deep brain stimulation (DBS), surgeons implant electrodes into a specific part of your brain. The electrodes are connected to a generator implanted in your chest near your collarbone that sends electrical pulses to your brain and may reduce your Parkinson's disease symptoms. Deep brain stimulation is most often offered to people with advanced Parkinson's disease who have unstable medication (levodopa) responses. DBS is effective in controlling erratic and fluctuating responses to levodopa or for controlling dyskinesias that don't improve with medication adjustments. Although DBS may provide sustained benefit for Parkinson's symptoms, it doesn't keep Parkinson's disease from progressing.
CANCER is also known as a malignant tumor, is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Not all tumors are cancerous; benign tumors do not spread to other regions of the body.
Possible signs and symptoms include a new lump, abnormal bleeding, a prolonged cough, unexplainedweight loss, and a change in bowel movements among others.[ While these symptoms may indicate cancer, they may also occur due to other issues. There are over 100 different known cancers that affect humans.
Tobacco (Smoking) use is the cause of about 22% of cancer deaths. Another 10% is due to obesity, a poor diet, lack of physical activity, and consumption of alcohol. Other factors include certain infections, exposure to ionizing
Many cancers can be prevented by not smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, not drinking too much alcohol, eating plenty of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, being vaccinated against certain infectious diseases, not eating too much processed and red meat, and avoiding too much exposure to sunlight. Early detection through screening is useful for cervical and colorectal cancer. The benefits of screening for breast cancer are controversial. Cancer is often treated with some combination of radiation therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, andtargeted therapy. Pain and symptom management are an important part of care. Palliative care is particularly important in those with advanced disease. The chance of survival depends on the type of cancer and extent of illness at the start of treatment. In children under 15 at diagnosis, the five-year survival rate in the developed world is on average 80%. For cancer in the United States, the average five-year survival rate is 66%.
9 MONITORING THE HEALTH
Seniors should daily moinitor the following and keep a record of it. When you visit your doctor, show the record to him/her. The weight, Blood sugar level. Blood Pressure level and Pulse rate. A complete boood test should be carried out at least once in 3 months. Should walk at least an hour a day. This wil improve your diabetic condition. Eat salt free healthy food and control intake of fluids. Avoid smoking, Alchohol and Drugs. Should get used to Meditation and Yoga.
10 MEDITATION, YOGA & EXCERSISE
Meditation helps in improving the Memory, Creativity and relieves Stress. It is proven to be an effective way of enhancing the quality of life by improving physical, mental, and emotional well being. Research oten provides new insights into the effects of meditation on the mind/body. It's not just one particular method that has proven to be helpful either - benefits have been shown in the practice of a variety of techniques.
Medittaion provides many health benefits
The most common form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease is irreversible and destroys brain cells, causing thinking ability and memory to deteriorate. Alzheimer's disease is not a normal part of aging. Dr. Alois Alzheimer first identified the disease in 1906. He described the two hallmarks of the disease: "plaques," which are numerous tiny, dense deposits scattered throughout the brain that becomes toxic to brain cells at excessive levels, and "tangles," which interfere with vital processes, eventually choking off the living cells. When brain cells degenerate and die, the brain markedly shrinks in some regions.
The effects of Alzheimer’s disease
Alzheimer’s disease is a fatal disease that eventually affects all aspects of a person’s life: how they think, feel, and act. Each person is affected differently. It's hard to predict symptoms, the order in which they will appear, or the speed of their progression.
The following are some of the changes you may expect as the disease progresses.
Cognitive and functional abilities: a person’s ability to understand, think, remember and communicate will be affected. This could impact an individual's ability to make decisions, perform simple tasks, or follow a conversation. Sometimes people lose their way, or experience confusion and memory loss, initially for recent events and eventually for global events.
Emotions and moods: a person may appear apathetic and lose interest in favourite hobbies. Some people become less expressive and withdrawn.
Behaviour: a person may have reactions that seem out of character. Some common reactions include repeating the same action or words, hiding possessions, physical outbursts, and restlessness.
Physical abilities: the disease can affect a person’s coordination and mobility, to the point of affecting their capacity to perform day-to-day tasks such as eating, bathing and getting dressed.
Treatment: Several medications can help with symptoms such as memory decline, changes in language, thinking abilities and motor skills. Although there is still no cure for Alzheimer's disease, those who respond to these treatments can experience improvements in their quality of life for several years.If you or someone you know is diagnosed with the disease, you can live meaningfully and actively for many years. Eating a heart-healthy diet, regularly exercising, staying socially connected and doing things that challenge your brain also help slow disease progression. While medications may not work well for everyone, they are most useful in the early stages of the disease. That's why early diagnosis is important. Familial Alzheimer’s disease accounts for less than 5% of all cases of Alzheimer’s disease.
More about Alzheimer's disease
- Eating a heart-healthy diet, regularly exercising, staying socially connected and doing things that challenge your brain also help slow disease progression. While medications may not work well for everyone, they are most useful in the early stages of the disease. That's why early diagnosis is important.
- Familial Alzheimer’s disease accounts for less than 5% of all cases of Alzheimer’s disease.
- Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive, degenerative disease of the brain. It most often occurs in people over 65, but can affect people in their 40s and 50s.
- Alzheimer’s disease remains incurable. However, medications, support and care early in the illness can help manage symptoms and improve the quality of life.
- Not necessarily memory loss means Alzheimer’s disease. However, if memory loss affects your day-to-day ability to function, communicate or is accompanied by a decrease in judgment or reasoning ability, it's best to see your doctor immediately.
- There is no conclusive evidence to shows that. Aluminum causes Alzheimer’s disease.
- No single treatment can prevent it. Exercising your mind and body, eating a heart-healthy diet, reducing stress and staying socially active may all contributing to reducing your risk.
- There have been many studies on vitamins E, B, and C, gingko biloba, folate, and selenium in preventing dementia. The findings have been inconclusive.
Stress is a feeling of strain and pressure. Small amounts of stress may be desired, beneficial, and even healthy. Positive stress helps improve athletic performance. It also plays a factor in motivation, adaptation, and reaction to the environment. Excessive amounts of stress, however, may lead to bodily harm. Stress can increase the risk of strokes, heart attacks, ulcers, and mental disorders such as depression.
Stress can be external and related to the environment, but may also be created by internal perceptions that cause an individual to experienceanxiety or other negative emotions surrounding a situation, such as pressure, discomfort, etc., which they then deem stressful.
When we think the demands being placed on us exceed our ability to cope, we then perceive stress.
A stressor is any event, experience, or environmental stimulus that causes stress in an individual. These events or experiences are seen as threats or challenges to the individual and can be either physical or psychological. Researchers have found that stressors can make individuals more prone to both physical and mental problems, including heart disease and anxiety.
Stressors are more likely to affect an individual's health when they are "chronic, highly disruptive, or perceived as uncontrollable". In psychology, researchers generally classify the different types of stressors into four categories:
- crises/catastrophes. (Riots, Cyclne, Erathquake. Chnge to dicttaorship etc.)
- Significant life events, (Loss of job, death of a close realtion, Finnacial loss, etc.)
- Daily hassles/microstressors, and
- Ambient stressors.
Support systems – to listen, offer advice, and help each other
- Time management – develop an organizational system
- Guided imagery and visualization – create a relaxing state of mind
- Progressive muscle relaxation – loosen tense muscle groups
- Assertiveness training – work on effective communication
- Journal writing – express real emotion, self-reflection
- Stress management in the workplace – organizes a new system, switch tasks to reduce own stress.
- Meditation and Yoga
- Heart disease. Researchers have long suspected that the stressed-out, type A personality has a higher risk of high blood pressure and heart problems. ...
Before you get too stressed out about being stressed out, there is some good news. Following some simple stress, relief tips could both lower your stress and lower your health risks.
to successfully manage life's unavoidable stresses -- as much as they can.
- Asthma. Stress can worsen asthma. Some evidence suggests that a parent's chronic stress might even increase the risk of developing asthma in their children. One study looked at how parental pressure affected the asthma rates of young children who were also exposed to air pollution or whose mothers smoked during pregnancy. The kids with stressed out parents had a substantially higher risk of developing asthma.
- Obesity. Excess fat in the belly seems to pose greater health risks than fat on the legs or hips -- and unfortunately, that's just where people with high stress appear to store it. "Stress causes higher levels of the hormone cortisol," says Winner, "and that appears to increase the amount of fat that's deposited in the abdomen."
- Diabetes. Stress can worsen diabetes in two ways. First, it increases the likelihood of dangerous behaviors, such as unhealthy eating and excessive drinking. Second, pressure seems to raise the glucose levelsof people with type 2 diabetes directly.
- Headaches. Stress is considered one of the most common triggers for headaches -- not just tension headaches, but migraines as well.
- Depression and Anxiety. It's probably no surprise that chronic stress is connected with higher rates of depression and anxiety. One survey of recent studies found that people who had stress related to their jobs -- like demanding work with few rewards -- had an 80% higher risk of developing depression within a few years than people with lower stress.
- Gastrointestinal problems. Here's one thing that stress doesn't do -- it doesn't cause ulcers. However, it can make them worse.
- Alzheimer's disease. One animal study found that stress might worsen Alzheimer's disease, causing its brain lesions to form more quickly. Some researchers speculate that reducing stress has the potential to slow down the progression of the disease.
- Accelerated aging. There's actually evidence that stress can affect how you age. One study compared the DNA of mothers who were under high pressure -- they were caring for a chronically ill child -- with women who were not. Researchers found that a particular region of the chromosomes showed the effects of accelerated aging. Stress seemed to accelerate aging about 9 to 17 additional years.
- Premature death. A study looked at the health effects of stress by studying elderly caregivers looking after their spouses -- people who are naturally under a great deal of stress. It found that caregivers had a 63% higher rate of death than people their age who were not caregivers.
- DIABETESE
Diabetes can strike anyone, from any walk of life. In the last decade, the cases of people living with diabetes jumped almost 50 percent – to more than 29 million Americans. This mainly because of change in life style and eating habits. Worldwide, it afflicts more than 380 million people. And the World Health Organization estimates that by 2030, that number of persons living with diabetes will more than double.
Living with diabetes places an enormous emotional, physical and financial burden on the entire family.
What is DIABETESE?
When you eat, your body turns food into sugars or glucose. At that point, your pancreas is supposed to release insulin. Insulin serves as a “key” to open your cells, to allow the glucose to enter -- and enable you to use the glucose for energy. But with diabetes, this system does not work.
Several major things can go wrong – causing the onset of diabetes. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are the most common forms of the disease, but there are also other kinds, such as gestational diabetes, which occurs during pregnancy, as well as other forms:
What is Type 1 Diabetes?
The more severe form of diabetes is type 1, or insulin-dependent diabetes. It’s sometimes called “juvenile” diabetes, because type 1 diabetes usually develops in children and teenagers though it can develop at any age.
Immune System Attacks
With type 1 diabetes, the body’s immune system attacks part of its own pancreas. Scientists are not sure why. But the immune system mistakenly sees the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas as foreign and destroys them. This attack is known as "autoimmune" disease. These cells – called “islets”– are the ones that sense glucose in the blood and, in response, produce the necessary amount of insulin to normalize blood sugars.Insulin serves as a “key” to open your cells, to allow the glucose to enter -- and enable you to use the glucose for energy.
Without insulin, there is no “key.” So, the sugar stays -- and builds up-- in the blood. The result: the body’s cells starve from the lack of glucose. And, if left untreated, the high level of “blood sugar” can damage eyes, kidneys, nerves, and the heart, and can also lead to coma and death.
Insulin Therapy
So, a person with type 1 treats the disease by taking insulin injections.
This outside source of insulin now serves as the “key” -- bringing glucose to the body’s cells.
The challenge for this treatment is that it’s often not possible to know precisely how much insulin to take. The amount is based on many factors, including:
- Food, Exercise, Stress, Emotions and general health.
Balancing Act
These factors fluctuate significantly throughout every day. So, deciding on what dose of insulin to take is a complicated balancing act.
If you take too much, then your body burns too much glucose -- and your blood sugar can drop to a dangerously low level. This is a condition calledhypoglycemia, which, if untreated, can be potentially life-threatening.
If you take too little insulin, your body can again be starved of the energy it needs, and your blood sugar can rise to a dangerously high level.
What is Type 2 Diabetes?
The most common form of diabetes is called type 2, or non-insulin dependent diabetes. This is also called “adult onset” diabetes since it typically develops after age 35. However, a growing number of younger people are now developing type 2 diabetes. People with type 2 are able to produce some of their own insulin. Often, it’s not enough. And sometimes, the insulin will try to serve as the “key” to open the body’s cells, to allow the glucose to enter. But the key won’t work. The cells won’t open. This is called insulin resistance.
Often, type 2 is tied to people who are overweight, with a sedentary lifestyle. Treatment focuses on diet and exercise. If blood sugar levels are still high, oral medications are used to help the body use its own insulin more efficiently. In some cases, insulin injections are necessary.
Carb Counting
Carabohydrarde foods have the greatest impact on your blood sugars? -- "carbs" -- are broken down into glucose. So if you eat too much of them, your blood sugar level may rise. For this reason, people with diabetes find it helpful to keep track of the “carbs” they eat in order to manage their blood sugars.
Checking Blood Sugar
Many people are frightened to check their blood sugar -- or "blood glucose" -- levels because they do not want to see levels that are higher or lower than their target range. Checking blood sugar at home, in school, and in the workplace is essential to managing diabetes. It puts you in control of your diabetes. Remember, your blood sugar levels remain the same whether you know about them or not. Checking blood sugar levels is the most accurate way to see if your lifestyle changes and medications are helping you to manage better your diabetes. If levels are above or below your target range, blood glucose monitoring provides you with the ability to identify what is causing the problem and to correct it.
Tips on Monitoring Monitoring Glucose
- Wash your hands with warm water before
- Ensure your test strips have not expired
- Remember to calibrate your meter (if your meter requires this)
- Use different fingers Note: Do not use alternate site testing if you think your blood sugar is very high or low – finger checks give you the most accurate re‐ sult. Explore the with your health care team the
- Best times to check your blood sugar level – times could include: Prior to your meal and / or 2 hours Þ after the meal Overnight Þ If you feel unwell Þ Record your results in a logbook especially if readings are out of range. This will help you to identify patterns in your levels and make the required changes to get your blood sugar back to your target range.
- Bringing 5‐7 days of blood sugar records to your health care visit will help the team to determine your dia‐ betes management needs. Never leave your meter or strips in a hot car.
- 2-hour post meals: less than 9.0
- Pre‐bed: 5.5‐ 7.6 if taking medication that can lower blood sugar levels.
- HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE & HEART ISSUES
High Blood Pressure (Hyper Tension)
High blood pressure is a common condition in which the long-term force of the blood against your artery walls is high enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease.
Blood pressure is determined both by the amount of blood your heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in your arteries. The more blood your heart pumps and the narrower your arteries, the higher your blood pressure.
You can have high blood pressure (hypertension) for years without any symptoms. Even without symptoms, damage to blood vessels and your heart continues and can be detected. Uncontrolled high blood pressure increases your risk of serious health problems, including heart attack and stroke.
High blood pressure generally develops over many years, and it affects nearly everyone eventually. Fortunately, high blood pressure can be easily detected. And once you know you have high blood pressure, you can discuss with your doctor to control it
Symptoms
Most people with high blood pressure have no signs or symptoms, even if blood pressure readings reach dangerously high levels. A few persons with high blood pressure may have headaches, shortness of breath or nosebleeds, but these signs and symptoms aren't specific and usually don't occur until high blood pressure has reached a severe or life-threatening stage.
Causes:There are two types of high blood pressure.
Primary (essential) hypertension
This kind of high blood pressure, called primary (essential) hypertension, tends to develop gradually over many years.
Secondary hypertension
Some people have high blood pressure caused by an underlying condition. This type of high blood pressure, called secondary hypertension, tends to appear suddenly and cause higher blood pressure than does primary hypertension. Various conditions and medications can lead to secondary hypertension, including:
Obstructive sleep, Kidney problems, Adrenal gland tumors.Thyroid problems, Certain defects in blood vessels you're born with (congenital), Certain medications, such as birth control pills, cold remedies, decongestants, over-the-counter pain relievers and some prescription drugs, Illegal drugs, such as cocaine and amphetamines, Alcohol abuse or chronic alcohol use
High blood pressure has many risk factors, including:
- Age. The risk of high blood pressure increases as you age. Through early middle age, or about age 45, high blood pressure is more prevalent in men. Women are more likely to develop high blood pressure after age 65.
- Race. High blood pressure is particularly common among blacks, often developing at an earlier age than it does in whites. Serious complications, such as stroke, heart attack and kidney failure, also are more common in blacks.
- Family history. High blood pressure tends to run in families.
- Being overweight or obese. The more you weigh, the more blood you need to supply oxygen and nutrients to your tissues. As the volume of blood circulated through your blood vessels increases, so does the pressure on your artery walls.
- Not being physically active. People who are inactive tend to have higher heart rates. The higher your heart rate, the harder your heart must work with each contraction and the stronger the force of your arteries. Lack of physical activity also increases the risk of being overweight.
- Using tobacco. Not only does smoking or chewing tobacco immediately raise your blood pressure temporarily, but the chemicals in tobacco can damage the lining of your artery walls. This can cause your arteries to narrow, increasing your blood pressure. Secondhand smoke also can increase your blood pressure.
- Too much salt (sodium) in your diet. Too much sodium in your diet can cause your body to retain fluid, which increases blood pressure.
- Too little potassium in your diet. Potassium helps balance the amount of sodium in your cells. If you don't get enough potassium in your diet or retain enough potassium, you may accumulate too much sodium in your blood.
- Too little vitamin D in your diet. It's uncertain if having too little vitamin D in your diet can lead to high blood pressure. Vitamin D may affect an enzyme produced by your kidneys that affect your blood pressure.
- Drinking too much alcohol. Over time, heavy drinking can damage your heart. Having more than two drinks a day for men and more than one drink a day for women may affect your blood pressure.
- Stress. High levels of stress can lead to a temporary increase in blood pressure. If you try to relax by eating more, using tobacco or drinking alcohol, you may only increase problems with high blood pressure.
- Certain chronic conditions. Certain chronic conditions also may increase your risk of high blood pressure, such as kidney disease, diabetes, and sleep apnea. Sometimes pregnancy contributes to high blood pressure, as well.Although high blood pressure is most common in adults, children may be at risk, too. For some children, high blood pressure is caused by problems with the kidneys or heart. But for a growing number of kids, poor lifestyle habits, such as an unhealthy diet, obesity and lack of exercise, contribute to high blood pressure.
Blood pressure is typically recorded as two numbers, written as a ratio like this Systolic is the top number, which is also the higher of the two numbers, measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats (when the heart muscle contracts).
Diastolic is the bottom number, which is also the lower of the two numbers, measures the pressure in the arteries between heartbeats (when the heart muscle is resting between beats and refilling with blood).
Which number is more important, top (systolic) or bottom (diastolic)?
Typically, more attention is given to the top number (the systolic blood pressure) as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease for people over 50 years old. In most people, systolic blood pressure rises steadily with age due to increasing stiffness of large arteries, long-term build-up of plaque, and increased the incidence of cardiac and vascular disease.
This blood pressure chart reflects categories defined by the American Heart Association.
Blood Pressure
Category
Systolic
mm Hg (top #)
Diastolic
mm Hg (lower #)
Normal
less than 120
and
less than 80
Prehypertension
120 – 139
or
80 – 89
High Blood Pressure
(Hypertension) Stage 1
140 – 159
or
90 – 99
High Blood Pressure
(Hypertension) Stage 2
160 or higher
or
100 or higher
Hypertensive Crisis
(Emergency care needed)
Higher than 180
or
Greater than 110
7 KIDNEY PROBLEMS
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), also known as chronic renal disease, is a progressive loss of kidney function over a period of months or years. The symptoms of worsening kidney function are not unique, and might include feeling generally unwell and experiencing a reduced appetite. Often, chronic kidney disease is diagnosed. As a result ofscreening of people known to be at risk of kidney problems, such as those with high blood pressure or diabetes over weight and those with a blood relative with CKD. This disease may also be identified when it leads to one of its recognized complications, such as cardiovascular disease, anemia, pericarditis or renal osteodystrophy. CKD is a long-term form of kidney disease; thus, it is differentiated from acute kidney disease (acute kidney injury) in that the reduction in kidney function must be present for over 3 months. CKD is an internationally recognized public health problem affecting 5–10% of the world population.
Chronic kidney disease is identified by a blood test for creatinine, which is a breakdown product of muscle metabolism. Higher levels of creatinine indicate a lowerglomerular filtration rate (GFR) and, as a result, a decreased capability of the kidneys to excrete waste products. Creatinine levels may be normal in the early stages of CKD, and the condition is discovered by testing of a urine sample. It may show the kidney is allowing the loss of protein or red blood cells into the urine. To fully investigate the underlying cause of kidney damage, various forms of medical imaging, blood tests, and sometimes a kidney biopsy(removing a small sample of kidney tissue) are employed to find out if a reversible cause of the kidney malfunction is present.
CKD is initial without specific symptoms and is generally only detected as an increase in serum creatinine or protein in the urine. As the kidney function decreases
- Blood pressure is increased due to fluid overload and production of vasoactive hormones created by the kidney via the renin-angiotensin system, increasing one's risk of developing hypertension and/or suffering from congestive heart failure.
- Urea accumulates, leading to azotemia and ultimately uremia (symptoms ranging from lethargy topericarditis and encephalopathy). Due to its high systemic circulation, urea is excreted in eccrine sweat at high concentrations and crystallizes on the skin as the sweat evaporates ("uremic frost").
- Potassium accumulates in the blood (hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia usually does not develop until the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) falls to less than 20-25 ml/min/1.73 m2, at which point the kidneys have decreased ability to excrete potassium.
- Erythropoietin synthesis is reduced causing anemia.
- Fluid volume overload symptoms may range from mild edema to life-threatening pulmonary edema.
- Hyperphosphatemia, due to reduced phosphate excretion, follows the decrease in glomerular filtration. Hyperphosphatemia is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, being a direct stimulus to vascular calcification.
- Iron deficiency anemia, which increases in prevalence as kidney function decreases, is especially prevalent in those requiring haemodialysis. It is multifactoral in the cause but includes increased inflammation, reduction in erythropoietin, and hyperuricemia leading to bone marrow suppression.
- Sexual dysfunction is very common in both men and women with CKD. A majority of men have a reduced sex drive, difficulty obtaining an erection, and reaching orgasm, and the problems get worse with age. A majority of women have trouble with sexual arousal and painful menstruation and problems with performing and enjoying sex
- Ranges for serum creatinine are 45-90 μmol/L for women and 60-110 μmol/L)for men. The significance of a single creatinine value must be interpreted in light of the patient's muscle mass. A patient with a greater muscle mass will have a higher creatinine level. While a baseline serum creatinine of 150 μmol/L) may indicate normal kidney function in a male body builder, a serum creatinine of 110 μmol/L can indicate significant renal disease in an elderly female
- The convertion of US reading to Canada Reading in Creatinine level
Noramly the creatinine level for Dialysis Two readings that should be looked for in Blood and Urine tests are GFR and Craeatinine levels.
Severity-based stages]
Normal GFR is 90-120 mls/min. The units of creatinine vary from country to country.
The loss of protein in the urine is regarded as an independent marker for worsening of kidney function and cardiovascular disease.
Stage 1
Slightly diminished function
Stage 2
Mild reduction in GFR (60–89 ml/min/1.73 m2) with kidney damage.
Stage 3
Moderate reduction in GFR (30–59 ml/min/1.73 m2):
Stage 4
Severe reduction in GFR (15–29 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Stage 5
Established kidney failure (GFR <15 ml/min/1.73 m2), permanent renal replacement therapy, or end-stage kidney disease.
The typical human reference is 440 but for some patients go up to 500.
Proper diet is an essential treatment of kidney disease. If kidneys are damaged, creatinine level rises. Creatinine level is an important indicator of how well kidney work
High protein foodHigh protein food
Patients with kidney disease should avoid high-protein food in case it aggravates the burden of kidneys
High sodium food
Overmuch sodium intake will cause water-sodium retention thus increase swelling. It is also a dangerous factor in hypertension. High sodium food should be avoided as canned food, dry food, fast food, soup and so on to reduce the workload of the kidney to lower high creatinine.
High phosphorous and high potassium food
One of the kidney functions is to keep electrolyte balance. If your phosphorous and potassium levels are high, you should limit phosphorous and potassium intake. These are high phosphorous food: bran, sunflower seeds, toasted wheat germ, cheese, nuts, roasted soya beans, and bacon. Foods contain high potassium include white beans, dark leafy greens, baked potatoes, dried apricots, fish, yogurt, avocados, bananas and so on.
8 PARKINSONS & CANCER
Parkinson’s disease affects the nerve cells in the brain that produce dopamine. Parkinson's disease symptoms include muscle rigidity, tremors, and changes in speech and gait. After diagnosis, treatments can help relieve symptoms, but there is no cure.
Parkinson's disease symptoms and signs may vary from person to person. Early signs may be mild and may go unnoticed. Symptoms often begin on one side of your body and usually remain worse on that side, even after symptoms start to affect both sides.
The Symptoms are:
Tremor. A tremor, or shaking, usually starts in a limb, often your hand or fingers. You may notice a back-and-forth rubbing of your thumb and forefinger, known as a pill-rolling tremor. One characteristic of Parkinson's disease is a tremor of your hand when it is relaxed or at rest).
Slowed movement (bradykinesia). Over time, Parkinson's disease may reduce your ability to move and slow your movement, making simple tasks difficult and time-consuming. Your steps may become shorter when you walk, or you may find it difficult to get out of a chair. Also, you may drag your feet as you try to walk, making it difficult to move.
Rigid muscles. Muscle stiffness may occur in any part of your body. The stiff muscles can limit your range of motion and cause you pain.
Impaired posture and balance. Your posture may become stooped, or you may have balance problems as a result of Parkinson's disease.
Loss of automatic movements. In Parkinson's disease, you may have a decreased ability to perform unconscious movements, including blinking, smiling or swinging your arms when you walk.
Speech changes. You may have speech problems as a result of Parkinson's disease. You may speak softly, quickly, slur or hesitate before talking. Your speech may be more of a monotone rather than with the usual inflections.
Writing changes. It may become hard to write, and your writing may appear small.
Causes
In Parkinson's disease, certain nerve cells (neurons) in the brain gradually break down or die. Many of the symptoms are due to a loss of neurons that produce a chemical messenger in your brain called dopamine. When dopamine levels decrease, it causes abnormal brain activity, leading to signs of Parkinson's disease. The cause of Parkinson's disease is unknown, but several factors appear to play a role, including:
Your genes. Researchers have identified specific genetic mutations that can cause Parkinson's disease, but these are uncommon except in rare cases with many family members affected by Parkinson's disease. However, certain gene variations appear to increase the risk of Parkinson's disease but with a relatively small risk of Parkinson's disease for each of these genetic markers.
Environmental triggers. Exposure to certain toxins or environmental factors may increase the risk of later Parkinson's disease, but the risk is relatively small.Many changes occur in the brains of people with Parkinson's disease, although it's not clear why these changes occur. These changes include:
The presence of Lewy bodies. Clumps of specific substances within brain cells are microscopic markers of Parkinson's disease. These are called Lewy bodies, and researchers believe these Lewy bodies hold an important clue to the cause of Parkinson's disease.
Alpha-synuclein is found within Lewy bodies. Although many substances are found within Lewy bodies, scientists believe an important one is the natural and common protein called alpha-synuclein (A-synuclein). It's found in all Lewy bodies in a clumped form that cells can't break down. This is currently an important focus among Parkinson's disease researchers.
Risk factors for Parkinson's disease include:
Age. Young adults rarely experience Parkinson's disease. It ordinarily begins in middle or late life, and the risk increases with age. People usually develop the disease around age 60 or older.
Heredity. Having a close relative with Parkinson's disease increases the chances that you'll develop the disease. However, your risks are still small unless you have many relatives in your family with Parkinson's disease.
Sex. Men are more likely to develop Parkinson's disease than are women.
Exposure to toxins. Ongoing exposure to herbicides and pesticides may put you at a slightly increased risk of Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson's disease is often accompanied by these additional problems, which may be treatable:
Thinking difficulties. You may experience cognitive problems (Dementia) and thinking difficulties, which usually occur in the later stages of Parkinson's disease. Such cognitive problems aren't very responsive to medications.
Depression and emotional changes. People with Parkinson's disease may experience depression. Receiving treatment for depression can make it easier to handle the other challenges of Parkinson's disease. You may also experience other emotional changes, such as fear, anxiety or loss of motivation. Doctors may give you medications to treat these symptoms.
Swallowing problems. You may develop difficulties with swallowing as your condition progresses. Saliva may accumulate in your mouth due to slowed swallowing, leading to drooling.
Sleep problems and sleep disorders. People with Parkinson's disease often have slept problems, including waking up frequently throughout the night, waking up early or falling asleep during the day.
People may also experience rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, which involves acting out your dreams. Medications may help your sleep problems.
Bladder problems. Parkinson's disease may cause bladder problems, including being unable to control urine or having difficulty urinating.
Constipation. Many people with Parkinson's disease develop constipation, mainly due to a slower digestive tract.
You may also experience:
Blood pressure changes. You may feel dizzy or lightheaded when you stand due to a sudden drop in blood pressure (orthostatic hypotension).
Smell dysfunction. You may experience problems with your sense of smell. You may have difficulty identifying certain odors or the difference between odors.
Fatigue. Many people with Parkinson's disease lose energy and experience fatigue, and the cause isn't always known.
Pain. Many people with Parkinson's disease experience pain, either in specific areas of their bodies or throughout their bodies.
Sexual dysfunction. Some people with Parkinson's disease notice a decrease in sexual desire or performance
Treatment: Parkinson's disease can't be cured, but medications can help control your symptoms, often dramatically. In some later cases, surgery may be advised. Your doctor may also recommend lifestyle changes, especially ongoing aerobic exercise. In some cases, physical therapy that focuses on balance and stretching also is necessary. A speech-language pathologist may help improve your speech problems.
Medications: Medications may help you manage problems with walking, movement, and tremor. These medications increase or substitute for dopamine, a particular signaling chemical (neurotransmitter) in your brain.
People with Parkinson's disease have low brain dopamine concentrations. However, dopamine can't be given directly, as it can't enter your mind.
You may have significant improvement in your symptoms after beginning Parkinson's disease treatment. Over time, however, the benefits of drugs frequently diminish or become less consistent, although symptoms usually can continue to be relatively well-controlled.
There are several medications to reduce the symptoms, but they cannot be entirely cured.
Surgical procedures: Deep brain stimulation (DBS). In deep brain stimulation (DBS), surgeons implant electrodes into a specific part of your brain. The electrodes are connected to a generator implanted in your chest near your collarbone that sends electrical pulses to your brain and may reduce your Parkinson's disease symptoms. Deep brain stimulation is most often offered to people with advanced Parkinson's disease who have unstable medication (levodopa) responses. DBS is effective in controlling erratic and fluctuating responses to levodopa or for controlling dyskinesias that don't improve with medication adjustments. Although DBS may provide sustained benefit for Parkinson's symptoms, it doesn't keep Parkinson's disease from progressing.
CANCER is also known as a malignant tumor, is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Not all tumors are cancerous; benign tumors do not spread to other regions of the body.
Possible signs and symptoms include a new lump, abnormal bleeding, a prolonged cough, unexplainedweight loss, and a change in bowel movements among others.[ While these symptoms may indicate cancer, they may also occur due to other issues. There are over 100 different known cancers that affect humans.
Tobacco (Smoking) use is the cause of about 22% of cancer deaths. Another 10% is due to obesity, a poor diet, lack of physical activity, and consumption of alcohol. Other factors include certain infections, exposure to ionizing
Many cancers can be prevented by not smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, not drinking too much alcohol, eating plenty of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, being vaccinated against certain infectious diseases, not eating too much processed and red meat, and avoiding too much exposure to sunlight. Early detection through screening is useful for cervical and colorectal cancer. The benefits of screening for breast cancer are controversial. Cancer is often treated with some combination of radiation therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, andtargeted therapy. Pain and symptom management are an important part of care. Palliative care is particularly important in those with advanced disease. The chance of survival depends on the type of cancer and extent of illness at the start of treatment. In children under 15 at diagnosis, the five-year survival rate in the developed world is on average 80%. For cancer in the United States, the average five-year survival rate is 66%.
9 MONITORING THE HEALTH
Seniors should daily moinitor the following and keep a record of it. When you visit your doctor, show the record to him/her. The weight, Blood sugar level. Blood Pressure level and Pulse rate. A complete boood test should be carried out at least once in 3 months. Should walk at least an hour a day. This wil improve your diabetic condition. Eat salt free healthy food and control intake of fluids. Avoid smoking, Alchohol and Drugs. Should get used to Meditation and Yoga.
10 MEDITATION, YOGA & EXCERSISE
Meditation helps in improving the Memory, Creativity and relieves Stress. It is proven to be an effective way of enhancing the quality of life by improving physical, mental, and emotional well being. Research oten provides new insights into the effects of meditation on the mind/body. It's not just one particular method that has proven to be helpful either - benefits have been shown in the practice of a variety of techniques.
Medittaion provides many health benefits
- Improves mood and working memory - even under stress.
- Alleviate mental distractions. Meditation also has positive effects and reduces the symptoms of some mental disorders. Anxiety and depression are all marked by an increase in distracting or otherwise unwanted thoughts. Meditation trains the mind to free itself from destructive thought patterns.
- Increase the size of your brain. Meditating actually causes your brain to grow. However, age tends to cause thinning in the frontal-cortex. We all grow older and experience these effects. Without proper mental exercise, the gray matter responsible for language, cognition, and emotional processing gradually degrades. This degradation has the potential to leave us with a higher risk of declining cognitive ability.
- Regular Meditation slows thinning of brain tissue. Meditation is also responsible for thickening parts of the brain associated with attention, and working memory - crucial areas that are linked with intelligence. The gains in cognitive performance, experienced through brief periods of meditation, seem to show a positive relationship between meditation and improved knowledge.
- Enhance the strength of your immune response
- Alleviate symptoms caused by sickness We all know that stress influences the ability of our immune systems to fight off disease; which may be why meditation helps improve the symptoms from a broad range of conditions, such as - Heart disease, High blood pressure, Cancer, Asthma, Allergies Meditation can have a positive impact on many health related issues. It should be noted that. Meditation should not replace any recommendation provided by your doctor though it might be worth considering as a complement to traditional medicine.
- Decrease Fatigue. Meditation might be a better stimulant for you than a cup of coffee. If you find yourself in need of a midday nap, or just didn't get enough sleep the night before, it might be time for a meditation break. Several studies have shown a link between meditation and mental alertness. Sometimes meditation can act as a replacement for sleep, with higher gains in performance.
- Meditation can help reduce the impact of physical and emotional pain
- Getting into a state of flow: The state of flow has been described in many different ways, Generally reflects the same experience. Flow consists of a peaceful state with positive qualities; that leads to a high state of being. When the characteristics of flow are described, it's clear how the flow is synonymous with a meditative state. Losing yourself in the activity, intuitively knowing what you're going to do next, reacting spontaneously and purposefully to present circumstances, being unaware of the passage of time and confidence in your ability to face challenges; these are all feelings which accompany a state of flow.
- Improve your powers of empathy
- Attain enlightenment: Enlightenment is possibly the end-all of spiritual aspiration. This elusive attainment has kept philosophers and spiritual seekers contemplating the mysteries of the world for thousands of years. Achieving enlightenment is supposed to reveal the underlying nature of reality to those who attain it. Those who attain it describe it as the greatest paradox one could imagine, but also freeing and expansive.
- Extensive peer-reviewed published research on the TM technique has found a wide range of wellness benefits including:
- greater inner calm throughout the day
- reduced cortisol (the “stress hormone.”
- normalized blood pressure
- overcome insomnia
- lower risk of heart attack and stroke
- reduced anxiety and depression
- improved brain function and memor.
“முதுதமிழரின் உத்வேகம்”
(Inspiration in Tamil Seniors)
பொன் குலேந்திரன்
(முன்னைய பீல் முது தமிழர் சங்கத் தலைவர்)
“உத்வேகம்” என்பது ஒரு மனிதனுக்குள் இருக்கும் தீவிரமாக செலாற்றும் வேகம். உற்சக்தியோடு தொடர்புள்ளது. என்ன தடைகள் வந்தாலும் சாதித்து காட்ட வேண்டும் என்ற வேகமும் மனத் தைரியமும் ஒரு மனிதனுக்குள் இருப்பது தான் உத்வேகம். சாதனையாளர்களிடம் இருக்கும் குணம் இது.
சோம்பலும், தன்நம்பிக்கை இல்லாமையும் எதிர்மறையான சிந்தனையும் (Negative thinking) உத்வேகத்திற்கு எதிரானது. . முதியோர், பேச்சு , செயல். எழுத்து. தமிழ் கலை திறன் மூலம், எனக்கு நேரம் இல்லை என்று சொல்லிபடி வீட்டில் முடங்கிக் கிடைக்காமல் தம் உத்வேகத்தை காட்டலாம். எப்போதும் மற்றவர் மேல் குறை கண்டு கொண்டு இருப்பவர்கள் எதிர்மறை போக்குள்ளவர்களின் குணம். செயலாற்றறும் திறமை இல்லாத அவர்கள், மற்றவர்களை செயல் புரியவும் விடமாட்டாரர்கள். அவர்களுக்கு எதிர்த்து மனு (Petition) எழுதுவது அவர்களின் பொழுது போக்கு காரணம் தம்மையும் அவர்கள் மிஞ்விடுவார்களோ என்ற பயமும், எரிச்சலும் இவர்களுக்கு இச் செயல்கள் மூலம் மன திருப்தியை கொடுக்கிறது . இவர்கள் சுய விளம்பரவாதிகள் . சுயநலவாதிகள்.
முதியவர்கள் தம்முள் உள்ள திறமையை எப்படி வளர்க்கலாம்? .ஒரு முதியோர் சங்கத்தில் அங்கத்தினராக இருப்பின் அந்த சங்கத்தை உங்கள் சொந்த வீடாக கருதவேண்டும். சாதி. மத, அந்தஸ்து, குலப் பெருமை . சுயனலத்துக்கு இடமிருக்க கூடாது. கரை வலை இழுப்பதும், கோவில் தேர் இழுப்பது ஒற்றுமைக்கு எடுத்துக் காட்டு. சங்கம் நடத்தும் கருத்தரங்கு, நிகழ்சிகளில் உங்கள் வீட்டு வைபவம் எனக் கருதி பங்கு கொள்ளவேண்டும். அந்த நிகழ்ச்சயில் உங்கள் திறமையை வெளிக்காட்டும் சந்தர்ப்பம் உண்டு. .
தமிழர் வரலாறு தோல்பொருள் ஆராச்சி தொடர்புள்ள தொல்பொருள் ஆய்வாளர் (Archeologist) வேலைக்கான நேர்முக பரீட்சைக்கு ஒருவன் போயிருந்தான். நல்ல சம்பளமும் சலுகைகளும் அவ்வேலைக்கு நிறுவனம் கொடுக்கும் அதனால் அப் பதவிக்கு பட்டம் பெற்றவர்கள் பலர் பொட்டியிட்டனர் . வேலைக்கு தெரிவு செய்யும் அந்த நிறவனத்தின் மேல் அதிகாரிகள் குழு தெரிவு செய்ய சில கோட்பாடுகளுக்குப் பொருந்தும் ஒருவரை மட்டுமே தேர்ந்து எடுக்க தீர்மானித்து இருந்தார்கள் .
நேர்முகப் பரீட்சை நடக்கும் அறையின் வாசலின் ஓரத்தில் ஒரு கசங்கிய பேப்பர் துண்டினை வைத்திருந்தார்கள். பரீட்சைக்கு சென்றவர்கள் கோட் சூட் அணிந்து, அவர்கள் அந்த அறைக்குள் போனபோது அந்த பேப்பர் துண்டினை கவனியாது சென்றனர். வேட்டி சால்வை அணிந்த ஒருவன் மட்டும் வித்தியசமான ஆடை அணிந்து சென்றான். அறைக்குள் போகமுன் கதவைத தட்டி “ உள்ளே வரலாமா ஐயா “: என்று கேட்டு அனுமதி பெற்றபின் அறைக்குள் நுழைந்தான். அறைக்குள் உள்ளிடும் பொது கீழே கிடந்த பேப்பர் துண்டினை எடுத்து தன் சட்டைப் பையுக்குள் வைத்துகே கொண்டான். அவர்கள் கதிரையில் இருக்க சொல்லுமட்டும் அவன் இருக்கவில்லை. அவன் அணிந்திருந்த ஆடையை பார்த்த அதிகாரிகள் அவனைப் பார்த்து இதென்ன வேட்டி சாலவ்யோடு வந்திருக்குறீர்”? என்று ஒரு அதிகாரி கேட்டார்.
“ஆம் ஐயா நான் நேர்முகப் பரீட்சைக்கு வந்தது தமிழ் வரலாறு ஆராச்சியாளர் வேலைக்கு . அகனால் அதற்கு பொருத்தமான் ஆடை அணிந்துவந்துள்ளேன்’“வாசலில் இருந்த பேபர் துண்டு எங்கே”?
“இதோ என் பையுக்குள். இவ்வளவு சுத்தமான அறைக்கு அது ஒரு வடு போல் இருந்தது அதுதான் எடுத்து என் சேர்ட் பையுக்குள் வைத்து விட்டேன் ”
அவனின் பதிலை கேட்து வாயில் விரல் வைத்தார்கள் .அதிகாரிகள் கேட்ட கேள்விகள் எல்லா
வற்றிற்கும் சரியான பதில்கள் சொன்னான். அதிகாரிகள் அதர்ந்து போனார்கள்.
“சரி தமிழ் வரலாறு பற்றி ஆராச்சி செய்ய போகும் நீர் அவ் இனத்தை பற்றி சுருக்கமாக ஐந்து நிமிடங்களுக்குள் உமக்கு தெரிந்ததை சொல்லும்” குழு தலைவர் சொன்னார்
“தற்போது சுமார் தொண்ணூறு மில்லியன் தமிழ் பேசுபவர்கள் உலகில் வாழ்கிறார்கள் என்பது ஒரு கணிப்பு. எல்லா மொழிகளிலும் தொன்மையான தமிழ் இனம் பேசும் மொழி தமிழ். சுமார் இருபதாயிரம் ஆண்டுகளுக்கு முன் இருந்த குமரிகண்டத்தில தமிழ் மொழி பேசிய இனம் தமிழ் மொழி. இதற்கான ஆதாரங்கள் உண்டு. மேற்கத்திய தேசங்களினால் தமிழ் இனத்தின் பெருமை மங்கி. உள்ளது. தமிழினத்தைப் பற்றி எழுதும் போது லுமேரியா (Lumeriya) என்ற குமரிக்கண்டமும் இன்றியமையாததாகிறது குமரிக்கண்டம் இன்று முழுமையாக நிருபிக்கப்படாத ஒன்றாகவே உள்ளது, காரணம் தமிழ் இனத்தின் வரலாறு. மேற்கத்திய இனத்தின் வரலாற்றினை மிஞ்சி விடும் என்ற மேற்கத்திய நாடுகளின் பயமே . ஆனாலும் தொல்காப்பியத்தில் இதனைப் பற்றிய குறிப்புகள் உள்ளன எனத் தெரிகிறது.. மயன்கள் என்பவர்கள் குமரிக்கண்டத்தில் வாழ்ந்ததாக கருதப்படும் இனத்தினர் மேலும் மத்திய அமெரிக்காவிலும் வாழ்ந்த குறிப்புகள் உள்ளன இலங்கையிலும் மயன்கள் வாழ்ந்ததற்கான தடையங்கள் கிடைத்துள்ளதாக தகவல் உள்ளன. பழந்தமிழ் நாடாகிய குமரிக் கண்டம் அளவில் மிகப் பெரிதாக பரவியிருந்தது. ஆஸ்திரேலியாவையும் தென்னாப்பிரிக்காவையும் இந்தியாவையும் இணைத்துக் கொண்டிருந்த பெரும் நிலப்பரப்பே குமரிக் கண்டம் அல்லது பழந்தமிழ் நாடு அல்லது இலமூரியா கண்டம் என்கிறார் ஹிராடடஸ், இக்கருத்தை பேரறிஞர்கள் திலு.ஓல்டுகாம், திரு. எக்கேல், திரு. கிளேற்றர், திரு. கட்டு எலியட், திரு. தேவநேயப் பாவாணர் போன்றோர் ஏகமனதாக ஏற்றுக் கொண்டனர். மேலும் ஹிராடடஸ் அவர்கள் குமரிக் கண்டத்தின் எல்லையைக் குறிப்பிட்டுள்ளார். அவ் எல்லைகள், தொலைமேற்கில் – கிரேக்க நாடு, மேற்கில் – எகிப்து மற்றும் ஆப்பிரிக்கா, தொலை கிழக்கில் – சீன நாடு, கிழக்கில் – பர்மா, மலேசியா, சிங்கப்பூர்,தெற்கில்நீண்டமலைத்தொடர். இம்மலைத் தொடர் ஆஸ்திரேலியாவில் தொடங்கி தென்னாப்பிரிக்காவில் முடிவடைகிறது என்பதை மனதில் கொள்ள வேண்டும். இவற்றின் மையத்தில் அமைந்த மிகப் பெரிய கண்டமே குமரிக் கண்டம் அல்லது பழந்தமிழ் நாடு அல்லது இலமூரியா கண்டமாகும்”.
“அது சரி முதுயோரின் தனிமை பற்றி உமது கருத்து என்ன”? அதிகாரி ஒருவர் கேட்டார்
“முதியோர்கள் தனிமையைத் தாமே உருவாக்கிக் கொள்கிறார்கள் துணையை இழந்த ஒரு முதியவருக்கு ஊடல் செய்து, தம் பிர்சனைகளை பகிர்ந்து வாழ ஒருவரும் இல்லை. பிள்ளைகளும், பேரப்பிள்ளைகளும் பயன் பெற்றபின் அவர்களை ஒதுக்கி வைத்து விடுவாரகள். முதியோர் அனேகமாக முதியோர் இல்லத்தை தஞ்சம் அடைகிறார்கள். கவலையைப் போக்க தியனம், யோகா, எழுத்து, வாசிப்பு போன்ற செயல்கள் மூலம் மனக் கவலைகள் மறந்து , மனதை உத்வேகத்தொடு ஓய்வில்லாது வைத்திருக்க வேண்டும் . சிலர் தீராத வியாதிக்கு உட்பட்டு கஷ்டப் படாமல் இருக்கு கருணைக்கொலையை நாடுகிறார்கள். இறைவன் படைத்த எமது உயரை நாமே எடுக்க எமக்கு உரிமை இல்லை. அதோடு தற்கொலை செய்தவர்களின் மறு பிறவி நல்லதாக ஒருக்காது என இந்து வேதம் சொல்கிறது”.வந்தவர்.சொன்னார “நாங்கள் உமது உமது அறிவையும் உத்வேகத்தை பார்த்து உம்மை பாராட்டுகிறோம் உம்மை இந்த வேலைக்கு நியமித்து விட்டோம். நாளை உமக்கு நியமனக் கடிதம் வரும்” என்றார் குழுத தலைவர்
“:நன்றி ஐயா”
*****
(Inspiration in Tamil Seniors)
பொன் குலேந்திரன்
(முன்னைய பீல் முது தமிழர் சங்கத் தலைவர்)
“உத்வேகம்” என்பது ஒரு மனிதனுக்குள் இருக்கும் தீவிரமாக செலாற்றும் வேகம். உற்சக்தியோடு தொடர்புள்ளது. என்ன தடைகள் வந்தாலும் சாதித்து காட்ட வேண்டும் என்ற வேகமும் மனத் தைரியமும் ஒரு மனிதனுக்குள் இருப்பது தான் உத்வேகம். சாதனையாளர்களிடம் இருக்கும் குணம் இது.
சோம்பலும், தன்நம்பிக்கை இல்லாமையும் எதிர்மறையான சிந்தனையும் (Negative thinking) உத்வேகத்திற்கு எதிரானது. . முதியோர், பேச்சு , செயல். எழுத்து. தமிழ் கலை திறன் மூலம், எனக்கு நேரம் இல்லை என்று சொல்லிபடி வீட்டில் முடங்கிக் கிடைக்காமல் தம் உத்வேகத்தை காட்டலாம். எப்போதும் மற்றவர் மேல் குறை கண்டு கொண்டு இருப்பவர்கள் எதிர்மறை போக்குள்ளவர்களின் குணம். செயலாற்றறும் திறமை இல்லாத அவர்கள், மற்றவர்களை செயல் புரியவும் விடமாட்டாரர்கள். அவர்களுக்கு எதிர்த்து மனு (Petition) எழுதுவது அவர்களின் பொழுது போக்கு காரணம் தம்மையும் அவர்கள் மிஞ்விடுவார்களோ என்ற பயமும், எரிச்சலும் இவர்களுக்கு இச் செயல்கள் மூலம் மன திருப்தியை கொடுக்கிறது . இவர்கள் சுய விளம்பரவாதிகள் . சுயநலவாதிகள்.
முதியவர்கள் தம்முள் உள்ள திறமையை எப்படி வளர்க்கலாம்? .ஒரு முதியோர் சங்கத்தில் அங்கத்தினராக இருப்பின் அந்த சங்கத்தை உங்கள் சொந்த வீடாக கருதவேண்டும். சாதி. மத, அந்தஸ்து, குலப் பெருமை . சுயனலத்துக்கு இடமிருக்க கூடாது. கரை வலை இழுப்பதும், கோவில் தேர் இழுப்பது ஒற்றுமைக்கு எடுத்துக் காட்டு. சங்கம் நடத்தும் கருத்தரங்கு, நிகழ்சிகளில் உங்கள் வீட்டு வைபவம் எனக் கருதி பங்கு கொள்ளவேண்டும். அந்த நிகழ்ச்சயில் உங்கள் திறமையை வெளிக்காட்டும் சந்தர்ப்பம் உண்டு. .
தமிழர் வரலாறு தோல்பொருள் ஆராச்சி தொடர்புள்ள தொல்பொருள் ஆய்வாளர் (Archeologist) வேலைக்கான நேர்முக பரீட்சைக்கு ஒருவன் போயிருந்தான். நல்ல சம்பளமும் சலுகைகளும் அவ்வேலைக்கு நிறுவனம் கொடுக்கும் அதனால் அப் பதவிக்கு பட்டம் பெற்றவர்கள் பலர் பொட்டியிட்டனர் . வேலைக்கு தெரிவு செய்யும் அந்த நிறவனத்தின் மேல் அதிகாரிகள் குழு தெரிவு செய்ய சில கோட்பாடுகளுக்குப் பொருந்தும் ஒருவரை மட்டுமே தேர்ந்து எடுக்க தீர்மானித்து இருந்தார்கள் .
நேர்முகப் பரீட்சை நடக்கும் அறையின் வாசலின் ஓரத்தில் ஒரு கசங்கிய பேப்பர் துண்டினை வைத்திருந்தார்கள். பரீட்சைக்கு சென்றவர்கள் கோட் சூட் அணிந்து, அவர்கள் அந்த அறைக்குள் போனபோது அந்த பேப்பர் துண்டினை கவனியாது சென்றனர். வேட்டி சால்வை அணிந்த ஒருவன் மட்டும் வித்தியசமான ஆடை அணிந்து சென்றான். அறைக்குள் போகமுன் கதவைத தட்டி “ உள்ளே வரலாமா ஐயா “: என்று கேட்டு அனுமதி பெற்றபின் அறைக்குள் நுழைந்தான். அறைக்குள் உள்ளிடும் பொது கீழே கிடந்த பேப்பர் துண்டினை எடுத்து தன் சட்டைப் பையுக்குள் வைத்துகே கொண்டான். அவர்கள் கதிரையில் இருக்க சொல்லுமட்டும் அவன் இருக்கவில்லை. அவன் அணிந்திருந்த ஆடையை பார்த்த அதிகாரிகள் அவனைப் பார்த்து இதென்ன வேட்டி சாலவ்யோடு வந்திருக்குறீர்”? என்று ஒரு அதிகாரி கேட்டார்.
“ஆம் ஐயா நான் நேர்முகப் பரீட்சைக்கு வந்தது தமிழ் வரலாறு ஆராச்சியாளர் வேலைக்கு . அகனால் அதற்கு பொருத்தமான் ஆடை அணிந்துவந்துள்ளேன்’“வாசலில் இருந்த பேபர் துண்டு எங்கே”?
“இதோ என் பையுக்குள். இவ்வளவு சுத்தமான அறைக்கு அது ஒரு வடு போல் இருந்தது அதுதான் எடுத்து என் சேர்ட் பையுக்குள் வைத்து விட்டேன் ”
அவனின் பதிலை கேட்து வாயில் விரல் வைத்தார்கள் .அதிகாரிகள் கேட்ட கேள்விகள் எல்லா
வற்றிற்கும் சரியான பதில்கள் சொன்னான். அதிகாரிகள் அதர்ந்து போனார்கள்.
“சரி தமிழ் வரலாறு பற்றி ஆராச்சி செய்ய போகும் நீர் அவ் இனத்தை பற்றி சுருக்கமாக ஐந்து நிமிடங்களுக்குள் உமக்கு தெரிந்ததை சொல்லும்” குழு தலைவர் சொன்னார்
“தற்போது சுமார் தொண்ணூறு மில்லியன் தமிழ் பேசுபவர்கள் உலகில் வாழ்கிறார்கள் என்பது ஒரு கணிப்பு. எல்லா மொழிகளிலும் தொன்மையான தமிழ் இனம் பேசும் மொழி தமிழ். சுமார் இருபதாயிரம் ஆண்டுகளுக்கு முன் இருந்த குமரிகண்டத்தில தமிழ் மொழி பேசிய இனம் தமிழ் மொழி. இதற்கான ஆதாரங்கள் உண்டு. மேற்கத்திய தேசங்களினால் தமிழ் இனத்தின் பெருமை மங்கி. உள்ளது. தமிழினத்தைப் பற்றி எழுதும் போது லுமேரியா (Lumeriya) என்ற குமரிக்கண்டமும் இன்றியமையாததாகிறது குமரிக்கண்டம் இன்று முழுமையாக நிருபிக்கப்படாத ஒன்றாகவே உள்ளது, காரணம் தமிழ் இனத்தின் வரலாறு. மேற்கத்திய இனத்தின் வரலாற்றினை மிஞ்சி விடும் என்ற மேற்கத்திய நாடுகளின் பயமே . ஆனாலும் தொல்காப்பியத்தில் இதனைப் பற்றிய குறிப்புகள் உள்ளன எனத் தெரிகிறது.. மயன்கள் என்பவர்கள் குமரிக்கண்டத்தில் வாழ்ந்ததாக கருதப்படும் இனத்தினர் மேலும் மத்திய அமெரிக்காவிலும் வாழ்ந்த குறிப்புகள் உள்ளன இலங்கையிலும் மயன்கள் வாழ்ந்ததற்கான தடையங்கள் கிடைத்துள்ளதாக தகவல் உள்ளன. பழந்தமிழ் நாடாகிய குமரிக் கண்டம் அளவில் மிகப் பெரிதாக பரவியிருந்தது. ஆஸ்திரேலியாவையும் தென்னாப்பிரிக்காவையும் இந்தியாவையும் இணைத்துக் கொண்டிருந்த பெரும் நிலப்பரப்பே குமரிக் கண்டம் அல்லது பழந்தமிழ் நாடு அல்லது இலமூரியா கண்டம் என்கிறார் ஹிராடடஸ், இக்கருத்தை பேரறிஞர்கள் திலு.ஓல்டுகாம், திரு. எக்கேல், திரு. கிளேற்றர், திரு. கட்டு எலியட், திரு. தேவநேயப் பாவாணர் போன்றோர் ஏகமனதாக ஏற்றுக் கொண்டனர். மேலும் ஹிராடடஸ் அவர்கள் குமரிக் கண்டத்தின் எல்லையைக் குறிப்பிட்டுள்ளார். அவ் எல்லைகள், தொலைமேற்கில் – கிரேக்க நாடு, மேற்கில் – எகிப்து மற்றும் ஆப்பிரிக்கா, தொலை கிழக்கில் – சீன நாடு, கிழக்கில் – பர்மா, மலேசியா, சிங்கப்பூர்,தெற்கில்நீண்டமலைத்தொடர். இம்மலைத் தொடர் ஆஸ்திரேலியாவில் தொடங்கி தென்னாப்பிரிக்காவில் முடிவடைகிறது என்பதை மனதில் கொள்ள வேண்டும். இவற்றின் மையத்தில் அமைந்த மிகப் பெரிய கண்டமே குமரிக் கண்டம் அல்லது பழந்தமிழ் நாடு அல்லது இலமூரியா கண்டமாகும்”.
“அது சரி முதுயோரின் தனிமை பற்றி உமது கருத்து என்ன”? அதிகாரி ஒருவர் கேட்டார்
“முதியோர்கள் தனிமையைத் தாமே உருவாக்கிக் கொள்கிறார்கள் துணையை இழந்த ஒரு முதியவருக்கு ஊடல் செய்து, தம் பிர்சனைகளை பகிர்ந்து வாழ ஒருவரும் இல்லை. பிள்ளைகளும், பேரப்பிள்ளைகளும் பயன் பெற்றபின் அவர்களை ஒதுக்கி வைத்து விடுவாரகள். முதியோர் அனேகமாக முதியோர் இல்லத்தை தஞ்சம் அடைகிறார்கள். கவலையைப் போக்க தியனம், யோகா, எழுத்து, வாசிப்பு போன்ற செயல்கள் மூலம் மனக் கவலைகள் மறந்து , மனதை உத்வேகத்தொடு ஓய்வில்லாது வைத்திருக்க வேண்டும் . சிலர் தீராத வியாதிக்கு உட்பட்டு கஷ்டப் படாமல் இருக்கு கருணைக்கொலையை நாடுகிறார்கள். இறைவன் படைத்த எமது உயரை நாமே எடுக்க எமக்கு உரிமை இல்லை. அதோடு தற்கொலை செய்தவர்களின் மறு பிறவி நல்லதாக ஒருக்காது என இந்து வேதம் சொல்கிறது”.வந்தவர்.சொன்னார “நாங்கள் உமது உமது அறிவையும் உத்வேகத்தை பார்த்து உம்மை பாராட்டுகிறோம் உம்மை இந்த வேலைக்கு நியமித்து விட்டோம். நாளை உமக்கு நியமனக் கடிதம் வரும்” என்றார் குழுத தலைவர்
“:நன்றி ஐயா”
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